Electric machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. SCHMID. ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 416,240. Patented Deo. 3, 1889.

INVENTOR,

ALBHT SBHMm M 8f/w v(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. SCHMID. I

ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 416,240. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR,

my ALBEHTEBHMxn. @520% QM Att y.

N PEYERS. Phamuhngmpnnr. wnhingxm D. C.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

A. SCHMID. ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 416,240. Patented Dec. 3, 1889 WITNESSES:

ALBERT Enz-1Min- 2M zA/5v.

MdL-i4 Att'y.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

A. SCHMID. ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 416,240. Patnted Dec. 3, 1889.

WITNESSES:

' INVENTOR, L n ALBERT Enz-1mm- Att' y.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.y

ALBERT SCHMID, OF ALLEGHENY, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTINGHO'USE ELEC- TRIOCOMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,240, dated December3, 1889. i Application filed April 2, 1889. Serial No. 305,652. (Nomodel.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT SCHMID, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland, residing in Allegheny, county of Allegheny, and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in theConstruction of Electric Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to the construction of electric machines, andinvolves certain improvements in the machines themselves and in themethod of building the same.

The object of the invention is to provide aneficient form of machinehaving a laminated field-magnet and armature-cores which will notdevelop excessive heat'when in operation, to simplify and cheapen theconstruction, and to generally adapt it to commercial use.

In carrying the invention into practice the machine is constructed inthe following general manner, reference being had, especially in thedescription, to the construction of an alternating-current machineeithera generator or a motor. Plates or sheets of magnetizable material arefirst stamped into the proper size and shape, dependent upon theexterior coniiguration of the machine. In the present instance thecircular form is adopted. A hole or opening is stamped through thecenter of the sheet, and this ultimately receives the armature-shaft.Other openings are st-amped in the plates, leaving intermediate webs,which are to form the pole-pieces of the field-magnet. In case it isdesired that the armature of the machine shall have magnetic lugs orteeth the openings in each sheet are of such size as to extend into theportion of the sheet forming the armature-plate. The armature-plates arebuilt up or assembled upon an armatureshaft and bound together andturned or trimmed to the proper size. They may be previously stampedwith openings for ventilation and oxidized or annealed. The ring of theouter portion, having inwardly-proj ecting teeth, is cut in half, andthese halves are laid up or assembled on a suitable mandrel and boundtogether. This portion may be oxidized or annealed before this is done.They are then placed in a suitable iieldmagnet frame and permanentlysecured in position.

The inner end ofthe resultant pole-pieces may be bored out for clearanceof the armature. The frame is made in seetions corresponding to thehalves of the iieldmagnet plates, so that the upper portion may be firstplaced over the field-magnet plates secured thereto and afterwardremoved from the lower portion, together with the upper half of theplates, for the insertion of the armature. The armature itself isprovided with coils, which, in case teeth are applied to the armature,surround or are placed over the teeth and bound in position.

The details will be 4more fully described in connection with theaccompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation, partly in section, of acomplete machine; and Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 illustrate steps in theconstruction of the machine.

Referring to the iigures, A represents the frame of the machine. It isconstructed in two sections a o?, and the former supports or carries thepillars a3 ai, which carry the bearings for the armature-shaft. Theother section a2 rests upon section a', but is removable therefrom. Theframe holds the iield-magnet core O, which is built up of plates ofmagnetizable material. The armature-core is also builtup of laminze orplates of the same material. The armature-plates are themselves cut outfrom the sheets of which the iield-magnet plates are made. In otherwords, that which would otherwise be refuse in constructing thefield-magnet plates is utilized in constructing the armature.

The method of forming the plates for both the field-magnet and armatureis as follows: A sheet of magnetizable material of the requisite sizeand convenient shape-for instance, square-is first stamped or cut intocircular or other desired shape, and by the same operation a hole c maybe formed in the center. (See Figs. 3 and et.) By accomplishing thesetwo results by one operation it is easily insured that the hole shall bein the center of the plate. After this operation, or, if desired,simultaneously therewith, the holes c c are stamped at equal distancesthrough the plates. These are separated the proper distancesto leaveteeth or webs d, which are to form the pole-pieces of the field-magnet.The shape of the holes is such that the opposite sides of the webs areparallel, or approximately so. The holes extend as near the IOS outersurface or edge of the plate as it is desired to have the metal of thefield-magnet core cut away. The central portion of the plate is thenstamped out, as shown by the dotted line in Fig. The portion thus cutout is utilized as an armature-plate. If it is desired that the armatureshall have teeth or projections, then the openings c extend inward adistance sufficient to cut away the metal between such teeth, asrepresented at f in Fig. The dotted line f then cuts through merely theweb. During one of the stamping operations holes h are cut into thefield-magnet plates. These are for convenience in binding the platestogether in their proper relative positions. The field-magnet plates arethen cut in half, as indicated by the dotted lines 7L', one portionbeing designed to be used in the lower half of the field-magnet and theother in the upper half.

The field-magnet plates are laid upon a mandrel provided with rods, overwhich the openings 7L are placed, and the plates are built up one uponanother until the entire number is assembled. They are firmly clampedtogether, and the entire mass is then placed in the lower half of thefield-magnet frame. The shaft of the mandrel isconcentric with thecenter of the field-magnet, and therefore rests in the bearings of thearmatureshaft. The upper section of the field magnet frame is thenapplied. The plates of the field-magnet are fastened into the respectivesections of the frame by anges a5 upon the frame and by bolts and bypouring molten metal or cement in the openings it, provided in thefieldmagnet frame. The plates of the field-magnet may be cut away duringthe process of preparation at the points m. for the purpose of receivingthis metal or cement. By thus fastening the frame and core together thelatter is effectually prevented from shifting. y

In assembling the sections of the field-magnet plates they are broughtinto their former relative positions-that is to say, making completerings. After they have been placed in the ring and fastened in positionthe mandrel may be withdrawn. rlhe clamp being released, the plates areprevented from forcing themselves apart by the overhanging anges d5 ofthe field-magnet frame. Bolts p may be inserted through the openings 7Lto hold the pole-pieces firm. It is usually desired to place thickerplates H at the respective sides of the field-magnet core. The bolts pmay bind these in position. The entire interior may then be bored out torender the inner ends of the pole-pieces true and even. The uppersection of the frame,with its laminated field-poles,is then removed fromthe lower section. The field-magnet bobbinst are then slipped over thepole-pieces and fastened by bolts, pins, or screws.

The armature-plates,,either before or after being separated from thefield-magn et plates,

are stamped with openings 7c for the purpose of ventilation and removinguseless metal. In assembling the plates these openings may be broughtopposite each other or set so as to overlap, thus exposing an increasedradiating-surface within the armature. After the armature is in positionthe upper portion of the field-magnet is again placed in position uponthe lower half.

I claim as my inventionl. A field-magnet for electric machines,consisting of two sets of laminze semicircular in form and a dividedfield-magnet frame, one portion receiving one set of the laminze and theother the other set of the laminze.

2. The combination of the lower and upper halves of the field-magnetframe and the laminze forming the field-n1agnet, divided in halves andbound in their respective sections of the frame.

3. The combination of a field-magnet frame and laminze for composing thefield-magnet bound within such frame, said frame having openings intowhich molten metal or cement maybe poured for binding the partsltogether.

4. In a field-magnet for electric machines, a frame of cast-iron havingparallel flanges, both of which are integral with the body of the frame,and laminze composing the fieldmagnet poles bound in the frame by andbetween said flanges and secured o1' cemented by molten metal or cement,substantially as described.

5. A field magnet for electric machines, composed of a frame having twoflanges, both integral therewith and laminze bound between said flanges,substantially as described.

6. A plate for constructing laminas for electric machines, stamped withradiating openings, leaving webs for pole-pieces of the iieldn1agnet,and also stamped with a central opening for receiving thearmature-shaft.

7. A plate for constructing laminze for electric machines, stamped withradiating openings, leaving webs for the pole-pieces of thefield-magnet, and with a central opening for receiving thearmature-shaft, and with openings for receiving bolts.

8. The hereinbefore-described method of building electric machines,which consists in stamping the laminae for composing the fieldmagnetfrom plates of soft iron, dividing the field-magnet plates so stamped,assembling' and binding the respective sets of sections in position,temporarily removing the one set from the other and placing the armaturein position, and subsequently replacing the removed set of sections.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 30th day ofMarch, A. D. i889.

ALBERT SCIIMID.

Witnesses:

W. D. UPTEGRAFF, CHARLES A. TERRY.

IOO

rio

